Zonulin Pathway Mechanisms Zonulin is a human protein that can loosen intestinal tight junctions. It is related to pre-haptoglobin 2. The pathway is a regulated way to open the paracellular route. It is not an uncontrolled tear in the lining. The idea came from cholera research. Vibrio cholerae makes zonula occludens toxin, or Zot. Zot […]
Barrett’s Ablation Techniques Barrett’s esophagus replaces the normal squamous lining of the distal esophagus with columnar epithelium. Intestinal metaplasia in that lining raises the risk of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Ablation aims to destroy the abnormal mucosa so squamous epithelium can grow back. Doctors first confirm the diagnosis with endoscopy and biopsy. Ablation is usually reserved […]
Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrhoea in young children. The virus spreads easily through the faecal–oral route. Infants and children under five face the highest risk. Without good care, rapid fluid loss can become life-threatening. The illness often starts suddenly. Watery stools, vomiting, and fever appear together. Dehydration then follows. Antibiotics do not […]
Clostridioides difficile infection, or CDI, is a serious cause of diarrhoea. It mainly affects people whose gut bacteria have been disturbed. Antibiotics form the strongest risk factor. These drugs kill many helpful bacteria in the intestine. As a result, C. difficile can grow and produce toxins. Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, and cephalosporins carry […]
Magaldrate is a medication used to treat heartburn and acid reflux. It’s a combination of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. How it works: Neutralizes acid: Magaldrate works by neutralizing excess stomach acid, providing relief from symptoms like heartburn and indigestion. Forms a protective barrier: It also forms a protective coating on the lining of the […]
In this article we will discuss Brief Note on Gastrectomy