Pathophysiology of Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer that affects the peritoneum, a thin membrane that lines the inside of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. It is most commonly caused by exposure to asbestos fibers.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of peritoneal mesothelioma is complex and not fully understood. However, it is believed to involve the following steps:
- Inhaling asbestos fibers: People inhale asbestos fibers, which lodge in their lungs. Subsequently, these fibers can be transported to the peritoneum via the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
- Inflammation and cell damage: Asbestos fibers irritate the mesothelial cells of the peritoneum, triggering chronic inflammation. Consequently, this inflammation can damage the DNA of these cells, leading to mutations.
- Uncontrolled cell growth: The mutated mesothelial cells proliferate uncontrollably, forming a tumor.
- Tumor growth and spread: The tumor can grow and invade surrounding tissues, such as the abdominal wall, intestines, and other organs. Moreover, it can spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
Common symptoms include:
- Abdominal pain
- Abdominal swelling
- Weight loss
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Changes in bowel habits