In this article, we will discuss Penicillin-Dosage (Part-I). So, let’s get started.
Penicillin
Amoxycillin For milder infections 25–50 mg/kg/day q 8-12 hr oral; 80–100 mg/kg/day q 6 hr oral in enteric fever and otitis media and other severe infections.
Adult dose: 250-500 mg q 6-8 hr.
(Amoxil, amoclox, novamox, mox, lamoxy, amoxybid, amoxyvan, comoxyl, idimox, moxilium, cidomex caps 250 and 500 mg, DT 125 mg, 250 mg; syrup 125 mg per 5 ml; drops 100 mg per ml).
Amoxycillin with clavulanic acid 25-50 mg/kg/day (amoxycillin base) q 8 to 12 hr oral, 50-100 mg/kg/day (amoxycillin base) q 6-8 hr IV. Note IV dose is higher than oral dose.
Adult dose: 250-500 mg of amoxycillin p.o. 3 times a day, 1.2 g q 6-8 hr IV infusion.
Indication: Wide spectrum with good coverage of beta-lactamase producing strains of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, B. catarrhalis and S. aureus.
C/I: Jaundice, hepatic dysfunction, penicillin allergy.
(Augmentin, advent, moxclav, moxkind-Cv, abclox-cv, enhancin, novaclav, megaclav, flamiclav, augpen, clavam, clamp tabs 375 mg (250 mg amoxycillin + 125 mg clavulanate), 625 mg (500 mg amoxycillin + 125 clavulanate); 1000 mg (875 mg amoxycillin + 125 mg clavulanate), syrup 156 mg per 5 ml (125 mg of amoxycillin +31.5 mg clavulanate); augmentin duo,
moxclav b.d., enhancin b.d., advent, nuclav duo, curam duo and augpen HS syrup (200 mg amoxycillin + 28.5 mg clavulanate per 5 ml); augpen, augmentin DDS, moxclav DS, advent forte susp (400 mg amoxycillin +57 mg clavulanate per 5 ml), moxclav drops 91.4 mg/ml (amoxycillin 80 mg + clavulanate 11.4 mg). Inj clavam 150 mg (amoxycillin 125 mg), Inj 300 mg (amoxycillin 250 mg), 600 mg (amoxycillin 500 mg); 1.2 g (amoxycillin 1 g), inj augpen 300 mg.
Ampicillin sodium trihydrate 100-200 mg/kg/day q 4-6 hr IV or oral, 200-400 mg/kg/day q 4 hr for meningitis. For enteric fever, 200 mg/kg/day q 6 hr oral.
Adult dose: 250-500 mg q 6 hr.
(Ampipen, campicillin, biocillin, rosicillin, ampilin, bacipen, synthocilin, broadil caps 250 mg and 500 mg; dispersible tabs 125 mg; 250 mg; syrup 125 mg per 5 ml; drops 100 mg per ml; inj 250 mg, 500 mg per vial).
Ampicillin with sulbactam 100-200 mg/kg/day (ampicillin base) q 6 hr IV. A combination of ampicillin and sulbactam (penicillanic acid sulfone) a new semisynthetic beta-lactam sulfone.
(Inj ampitum, betamp, sulbacin containing 1 g ampicillin and 0.5 g sulbactam; saltum, betamp tab 375 mg containing ampicillin 250 mg).
Carbenicillin 30-50 mg/kg/day in 6 hourly oral dose. Parenteral preparation has been banned in US. Useful against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and indole-positive Proteus sp.
Adult dose: 382 mg tab 1-2 tab q 6 hourly.
Caution: Don’t mix with gentamicin and it may cause hypokalemia.
(Inj carbelin, biopence, pyopen 1g, 5g per vial).