In this article, we will discuss Macrolides (Dosage). So, let’s get started.
Macrolides
Azithromycin 10 mg/kg/day single dose empty stomach oral on day 1 and then 5 mg/kg/day during next 4 days. A single dose of 30 mg/kg can be given. Avoid administration in infants below 6 months. Enteric fever: 20 mg/kg/day for 7-14 days. Cholera: 20 mg/kg single dose.
Adult dose: 500 mg once daily for 3 days; or 500 mg on day 1, then 250 mg daily on day 2 to 5; total dose 1.5 g. Genital chancroid: 1 g single dose.
Indication: Gram-positive infections, typhoid fever, campylobacter enteritis, cat-scratch disease, atypical pneumonia, and cholera.
SE: Prolongation of QT interval, torsades de pointes and liver dysfunction.
(Azithral, azikem, azee, aziwin, aziwok, azithro, zathrin, zithrox, azivent, zithrocin tabs 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg; syrup 100 mg and 200 mg per 5 ml).
Clarithromycin 15 mg/kg/day q12 hr oral. Efficacy and safety in infants below 6 months not evaluated.
Adult dose: 250 mg q 12 hr for 7 days; in severe infections up to 500 mg q 12 hr for 14 days.
Indication: H. pylori, chlamydiae, mycoplasma, atypical mycobacteria,
M. marinum infection from sea water.
C/I: Previous history of arrhythmia or long QT syndrome.
(Claribid, clarigard, clarigen, crixan, synclar, larit, clarocin, clarimac tabs 250 mg and 500 mg; syrup 125 mg and 250 mg per 5 ml, crixal gel for acne).
Erythromycin 30–50 mg/kg/day q 6 hr oral. 5 mg/kg/dose IV as infusion over 8 hr with normal saline or Ringer’s lactate or intermittent bolus over 20-60 minutes every 6 to 8 hr.
Adult dose: 250 mg q 6 hr; initial dose may be 250-500 mg.
Indication: Gram-positive infections and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, chlamydial infection, Legionnaire’s disease, lyme disease, lymphogranuloma venereum, pertussis, nongonococcal urethritis, chancroid.
(Althrocin, e-mycin, eltocin, erythrocin, emthrocin, erytop, thromycin, erysafe tabs 100 mg, 125 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg; syrup 100 mg and 125 mg per 5 ml; inj erythromycin 1 g vial with 20 ml diluent, acnederm, erysil, gery, medisoft skin cream for acne), ophthalmic solution 0.5%.
Roxithromycin 5-8 mg/kg/day q 12 hr.
Adult dose: 150 mg q 12 hr.
C/I: Concomitant use with ergotamine alkaloids.
(Roxid, rulide, roxikin, droxyrol, roximol, roxem, xyrox, roxeptin tabs 50 mg, 150 mg; roxid, troxy, xyrox syrup 50 mg per 5 ml).