In this article, we will discuss Fluoroquinolones (Dosage). So, let’s get started.
Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin 20-40 mg/kg/day q 12 hr oral or 10-20 mg/day q 12 hr IV (maximum 800 mg/day) 20 mg/kg single dose for contacts of N. meningitidis.
Adult dose: 250-750 mg q 12 hr oral; 100-400 mg q 12 hr by intravenous infusion. 500 mg single oral dose for contacts of N.meningitidis.
Caution: It should be reserved for children where anticipated or cultured pathogens are resistant to all other antibiotics.
(Cifran, ciplox, ciprobid, cify, celox tabs 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg; ciproflox, ciprolet, ciprowin, quinobact, strox, supraflox tabs 250 mg, 500 mg; disquin DT 250 mg, ciprolar, avilox susp 125 mg and 250 mg per 5 ml, injection cifran 100 mg per 50 ml, injection ciplox 200 mg per 100 ml, ciplox eye drops 0.3% w/v).
Levofloxacin It is levo-isomer of ofloxacin. 10 mg/kg single dose daily oral or IV with maximum daily dose 500 mg.
Adult dose: 500 mg daily.
Indication: Effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections and MDR TB. No coverage against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Caution: Avoid concurrent use of antacids.
(Levoflox, lotor, levocide, levoday, fynal tabs, L-250, L-CIN 250 mg, 500 mg; levoflox, lotor, loxof, fynal 5 mg/ml for IV infusion)
Moxifloxacin Indications include acute bacterial sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, skin and
soft tissue infection.
Pediatric dose: 7.5-10 mg/kg single daily dose. Its use is currently restricted to multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Adult dose: Oral 400 mg o.d. for 7-14 days, IV; 400 mg o.d. infused over 60 min for 7-14 days, ophthalmic solution 0.5% 1 drop in each eye 8 hourly.
(4 quin, kindmax, mofil, mahaflox, Mcin, moximoc, moxiflox cap/tab, mahaflox 400 mg/100 ml infusion, hycomin IV 400 mg/100 ml infusion, apdrops, bflox, 4 quin eye drops, cellumox eye ointment 0.5%).
Nalidixic acid 50 mg/kg/day q 6-8 hr oral. Not recommended in infants below 3 months. UTI prophylaxis: 30 mg/kg/day q 12 hr or 15 mg/kg/day q 6 hr.
Adult dose: 1 g every 6 hr.
Caution: Avoid in children with history of seizures, G-6-PD deficiency. May produce pseudotumor cerebri. Serious adverse effects include erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
C/I: Epilepsy, porphyrias, age <3 months.
(Gramoneg, nalidys, dix, riadix, tab 500 mg; susp 300 mg per 5 ml; diarlop susp negadix tab 125 mg).
Norfloxacin 10–15 mg/kg/day q 12 hr oral.
Adult dose: 400 mg q 12 hr.
(Norflox, norilet, alflox, norbid DT 100 mg; norflox, alfox, norbactine, norilet, biofloxin, norbid tabs 200 mg, 400 mg and 800 mg; flox, bacigyl, normet, tamflox susp 100 mg per 5 ml).
Ofloxacin 15 mg/kg/day oral q 12 hr 5-10 mg/kg/day q 12 hr IV.
Adult dose: 400-800 mg daily; give every 12 hr in divided doses, if >400 mg/day.
(Tarivid, zanocin, oflox, ofla, zenflox, uneek, floxur tabs 200 mg, 400 mg; ofromax, zanocin, oflin tab 100 mg; zenflox, ofla, orivid, zo, oflomac, oflox, uneek, bioff, diof, oflotas, susp 50 mg/5 ml, zenflox forte, oflomac forte, duflox, zanocin, ofla susp 100 mg per 5 ml, inj oflox, tarivid 200 mg, 400 mg per 100 ml).
Pefloxacin 12 mg/kg/day oral q 12 hr. It has effective coverage against most Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms including S. aureus and S. typhi.
Adult dose: 400 mg q 12 hr; may use an initial loading dose of 800 mg orally, IV 400 mg over 1 hour as infusion, q 12 hr.
Caution: Adjust dose in hepatic insufficiency.
(Peflox, pelox,ifipef, pebact, pefbid, qucin tabs 200 mg, 400 mg; pefbid, pelox, peflobid, rolox, inj 400 mg per 100 ml).
Sparfloxacin 4 mg/kg single dose oral per day. It provides effective coverage against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. Dose 100-300 mg/day in 2 divided doses.
Adult dose: 200-400 mg daily q 12–24 hr.
(Spardac, sparx, sparlox, sparkind, sparflow tabs 100 mg DT and 200 mg; sparcin, sparfio, sparzid tab 200 mg).