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Blood Transfusion Hematology Physiotherapy

Complications of Blood Transfusion

In this article we will discuss various Complications of Blood Transfusion

In this article, we will discuss various Complications of Blood Transfusion. So, let’s get started

Complications

Immunological

1. Alloimmunisation

2. Incompatibility

2a. Red cells

  • Immediate hemolytic and serological transfusion reactions
  • Delayed hemolytic and serological transfusion reactions

2b. Leucocytes and platelets

  • Nonhemolytic (febrile) transfusion reactions
  • Post-transfusion purpura
  • Poor survival of transfused platelets and granulocytes
  • Graft vs host disease
  • Transfusion related acute lung injury

2c. Plasma proteins- allergic reactions

  • Urticaria and anaphylactic reactions

Nonimmunological

1. Transmission of infection

  • Transmission of infection, e.g. hepatitis (B, C, D), HIV, other viruses (CMV, EBY, HTLV-1, Parvovirus B-19)
  • Parasites, e.g. malaria, trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis
  • Transfusion of blood contaminated with bacteria

2. Volume overload (hypervolemia)

3. Iron overload due to multiple transfusions

4. Bleeding and electrolyte changes: Massive transfusion of stored blood may cause bleeding and electrolyte changes

5. Thrombophlebitis

6. Air embolism

7. Hypotensive reactions in patients receiving ACE inhibitors

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