In this article, we will discuss about Etanercept (Dosage). So, let’s get started.
Etanercept
Mechanism of Action
TNF is a naturally occurring cytokine that is involved in normal inflammatory and immune responses. It plays an important role in the inflammatory processes of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), Psoriatic Arthritis (PSA), and Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and the resulting joint pathology. In addition, TNF plays a role in the inflammatory process of Plaque Psoriasis (PsO). Elevated levels of TNF are found in involved tissues and fluids of patients with RA, JIA, PSA, AS, and PsO.
Two distinct receptors for TNF (TNFRs), a 55 kilodalton protein (p55) and a 75 kilodalton protein (p75), exist naturally as monomeric molecules on cell surfaces and in soluble forms. Biological activity of TNF is dependent upon binding to either cell surface TNFR.
Etanercept is a dimerie soluble form of the p75 TNF receptor that can bind TNF molecules. Etanercept inhibits binding of TNF-a and TNF-B (lymphotoxın alpha LT-]) to cell surface TNFRs, rendering TNF biologically inactive. In in vitro studies, large complexes of etanercept with TNF-c were not detected and cells expressing transmembrane TNF (that binds Etanercept (Enbrel®)) are not lysed in the presence or absence of complement.
Indications
Etanercept (Enbrel®) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker indicated for the treatment of:
• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
• Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) in patients aged 2 years or older
• Psoriatic Arthritis (PSA)
• Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)
• Plaque Psoriasis (PsO)
Dosage
Etanercept (Enbrel®) is administered by subcutaneous injection:
• Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis (PSA) – 50 mg once weekly with or without methotrexate (MTX)
• Ankylosing Spondylitis – 50 mg once weekly
• Adult Plaque Psoriasis – 50 mg twice weekly for 3 months, followed by 50 mg once weekly
• Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis – 0.8 mg kg weekly. with a maximum of 50 mg per week