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Endocrinology Hypercalcemia Physiotherapy

Causes of Hypercalcemia

In this article we will discuss various Causes of Hypercalcemia.

In this article, we will discuss various Causes of Hypercalcemia. So, let’s get started.

Causes

Hypercalcemia results either from an increased entry of calcium into the extra-cellular fluid (from bone resorption or intestinal absorption) or a decreased renal calcium clearance. Following are the causes of hypercalcemia:

  • Increased intake or absorption
  • Milk alkali syndrome
  • Total parenteral nutrition
  • Excess amount of vitamin A or D.
  • Endocrinal disorders
  • Primary hyperparathyroidism (adenoma)
  • Secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism
  • Acromegaly
  • Adrenal insufficiency
  • Thyrotoxicosis
  • Pheochromocytomas
  • Neoplastic diseases
  • Tumor metastases (excessive production of PTH)
  • Solid tumor with secretion of PTH like protein
  • Hematological malignancies, i.e. multiple myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma (elaboration of osteoclast activating factor)
  • Miscellaneous
  • Thiazide diuretics, lithium intake
  • Paget disease of bone
  • Hypophosphatasia
  • Immobilzation
  • Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
  • Complication of kidney transplant
  • Aluminium intoxication

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