In this article, we will discuss about the DSM-5 criteria for schizophrenia. So, let’s get started.
DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Schizophrenia
Two or more symptoms lasting for at least one month (Should include at least one from 1-3)
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech
4. Disorganized or catatonic behavior
5. Negative symptoms such as diminished emotional expression and avolition
- Impairment in the level of functioning of one or more areas eg. work, inter-personal relation or self-care
- Some signs must last for at least a period of six months which must include at least one month or less if treated of symptoms that meet Criteria A i.e active phase symptoms and may include periods of residual symptoms. During residual periods, only negative symptoms may be present.
- Schizoaffective disorder and bipolar or depressive disorder with psychotic features ruled out:
- No major depressive or manic episodes occurred concurrently with active phase symptoms.
- If depressive or manic episodes occurred with active phase symptoms, they have been present for a minority of the total duration of the active and residual phase of the illness.
- The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance such as drug abuse, medications etc.
- If there is a history of autism spectrum disorder or communication disorder, tje diagnosis of schizophrenia is only made if prominent delusions or hallucinations are present along with other symptoms for at least one month
Other symptoms includes:
Inappropriate affect
Disturbed sleep pattern
Dysphoric mood
Anxiety and phobia
Depersonalization or derealization
Cognitive and memory deficit
Social and occupational dysfunction/deficit
Behaviour deficit such as hostility and aggression
Suicide ideation is 5-6% and about 20% make suicide attempt on more than one occasion
