In this article, we will discuss about the Anatomy of the Shoulder Joint. So, let’s gets started.
Anatomy
Joint type– Synovial Ball and Socket Joint, Diarthrosis, and multiaxial joint
Degree of freedom– 3
Bones involved– Glenoid cavity of Scapula and Head of Humerus
Joint Spaces– Glenohumeral space (4-5 mm), Subacromial space (9-10 mm), and Axillary space.
Muscles surrounding the joint– Biceps brachii, and rotator cuff musculature (which involves subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor)
Joint capsule– Articular capsule of the humerus
Bursa– Subacromial-subdeltoid bursa present between the joint capsule and deltoid muscle. subacromial bursa present between the joint capsule and the acromion process, subcoracoid bursa present between the joint capsule and coracoid process, coracobrachial bursa present between the coracobrachialis muscle and the subscapularis muscle, subscapular bursa present between the joint capsule and subscapularis muscle, and supra-acromial bursa.
Ligaments– Capsular ligament, superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligament, coracohumeral ligament, coraco-acromial ligament, and transverse humeral ligament.
Nerve supply– Subscapular, left pectoral, and axillary nerve.
Artery supply– Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. suprascapular artery, and scapular circumflex artery.
Shoulder joint movements (muscles involved along with axis and planes)
1. Movement- Flexion
Muscles involved- Pectoralis major, anterior fibres of the deltoid, supraspinatus, and coracobrachialis.
Axis and Plane- Frontal axis and Sagittal plane
2. Movement- Extension
Muscles involved- Lattisimus dorsi, posterior fibres of the deltoid, and triceps brachii
Axis and Plane- Frontal axis and Sagittal plane
3. Movement- Abduction
Muscles involved- Deltoid, supraspinatus, trapezius, and serratus anterior
Axis and Plane- Sagittal axis and Frontal plane
4. Movement- Adduction
Muscles involved- Pectoralis major, lattisimus dorsi, teres major, and subscapularis
Axis and Plane- Frontal plane and Sagittal axis
5. Movement- Internal rotation
Muscles involved- Deltoid (anterior fibres), teres major, pectoralis major, lattisimus dorsi, and subscapularis
Axis and Plane- Vertical axis and transverse plane
6. Movement- Lateral rotation
Muscles involved- Deltoid (posterior fibres), infraspinatus, and teres minor
Axis and Plane- Vertical axis and transverse plane
7. Movement- Horizontal abduction
Muscles involved- Subscapularis, supraspinatus, and deltoid (posterior fibres)
Axis and Plane- Vertical axis and transverse plane
8. Movement- Horizontal adduction
Muscles involved- Pectoralis major, biceps brachii, and deltoid (anterior fibres)
Axis and Plane- Vertical axis and transverse plane
9. Movement- Diagonal adduction
Muscles involved- Pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior fibres), and biceps brachii
Axis and Plane- Diagonal axis and diagonal plane
10. Movement- Diagonal abduction
Muscles involved- Subscapularis, deltoid, and supraspinatus
Axis and Plane- Diagonal axis and diagonal plane
11. Circumduction- Combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction.
One reply on “Anatomy of Shoulder Joint”
Wow! great stuff!