Researchers actively examine anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. These treatments target beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. Plaques build up and harm neurons. Monoclonal antibodies clear these plaques.
Doctors use lecanemab (Leqembi) and donanemab (Kisunla) most often. The FDA approved lecanemab in 2023. It approved donanemab in 2024. Both suit early-stage Alzheimer’s. Patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia benefit most.
Lecanemab clears amyloid plaques effectively.
It slows cognitive decline modestly. Trials show about 27% less decline on key scales. Donanemab removes plaques quickly. It achieves even greater clearance in some groups. It slows progression by around 22-35% depending on tau levels.
Moreover, real-world data supports these findings. Long-term use shows continued benefits. Researchers present updates at conferences like AD/PD 2026.
However, safety concerns exist. Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) occur often. ARIA includes brain swelling or bleeding. Risks rise in APOE4 carriers. Doctors monitor patients closely with MRI scans. Some avoid blood thinners during treatment to reduce bleeding risks.
Furthermore, next-generation options advance.
Drugs like remternetug or trontinemab improve delivery. They cross the blood-brain barrier better. Vaccines and other amyloid targets enter trials.
Overall, anti-amyloid therapies mark progress. They address the disease cause directly. Still, effects remain modest. Researchers combine them with lifestyle changes or other drugs. This approach aims for better outcomes in the future. Early diagnosis helps patients gain the most benefit.